Potential Problems: Worsening Hyperpigmentation You knew there had to be a flip side, right? Shamban says that there are studies that make cases against melatonin for skin care. Some information indicates that using melatonin topically can increase pigmentation. This is because melatonin activates melanocytes, aka the specialized cells in the dermis that make melatonin — and more active melanocytes can lead to an increase in discoloration and sun spots.
"It might be best to use [melatonin] only in winter months after any sun damage and discoloration is lessened," says Shamban. "And only after a series of lasers or peels to help even discoloration and eliminate the majority of dark spots." Those with highly uneven skin or hyperpigmentation might want to avoid melatonin skin care altogether.
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